The Golgi apparatus (also called the Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome) is an organelle found in typical eukaryotic cells. It was identified in 1898 by the Italian physician Camillo Golgi and was named after him. The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package macromolecules synthesized by the cell, primarily proteins and lipids. The Golgi apparatus forms a part of the endomembrane system present in eukaryotic cells.

53FC3

• monoclonal antibody recognizing the 135-kDa Golgi-specific antigen. PMID: 2246269

alpha 1-Antitrypsin

• a post-Golgi secretory pathway marker, in INS-1 pancreatic beta cells. PMID: 12796484

alpha-1,2-mannosidase

• a marker enzyme of cis Golgi membranes. PMID: 6279593

alpha1,2-mannosidase IB

• is a type II transmembrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus where it is involved in the biogenesis of complex and hybrid N-glycans, and a major determinant of Golgi localization. PMID: 11152290
• a Golgi-resident type II membrane protein. PMID: 15760709
• an integral membrane glycoprotein facing the lumen of Golgi membranes. PMID: 1885615

C6-NBD-Cer

• vitally stains the Golgi apparatus of cells. Also accumulates at the Golgi apparatus of fixed cells, and localized to the trans cisternae of the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 2478562

ERD2

• cis-Golgi marker. PMID: 16306223

Galactosyltransferase (GalT)

• the Golgi apparatus marker. PMID: 3922620
• a marker enzyme of trans Golgi membranes. PMID: 6279593
• a marker for the trans-Golgi membranes and the trans-Golgi network. PMID: 10516064

GlcNAc transferase

• present as an integral Golgi membrane protein and that at least the catalytic center of the transferase is on the lumenal side of the vesicles. PMID: 8652599

Glucose-6-Phosphate

• indigenous components of Golgi membranes. PMID: 214450

Golgi 58K protein

• recognize formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD) localized to Golgi apparatus. PMID: 16534631
• 58K, a microtubule-binding Golgi protein, is a formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase. PMID: 9677387

Golgi alpha-mannosidase II

• is an enzyme that processes the intermediate oligosaccharide Gn(1)M(5)Gn(2) to Gn(1)M(3)Gn(2) during biosynthesis of N-glycans. alpha-mannosidase IIx resides in the Golgi in HeLa cells. PMID: 11231279

Golvesin

• a new protein associated with membranes of the Golgi apparatus and post-Golgi vesicles in Dictyostelium cells, is a reliable Golgi marker in Dictyostelium cells revealing protrusion of Golgi tubules at peak velocities of 3 to 4 microm x s(-1). PMID: 11229601

GP73

• Golgi protein-73 is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PMID: 16137783

GS15

• is mainly found in the medial-cisternae of the Golgi apparatus and adjacent tubulo-vesicular elements. PMID: 12388752
• a 15-kilodalton Golgi soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) homologous to rbet1, and a novel SNARE mediating a yet to be defined transport event associated with the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 9242691

GS27 (Membrin) and GS28

• Golgi SNAREs, are important trafficking membrane proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi and between Golgi subcompartments. PMID: 10198168
• GS28, a 28-kilodalton Golgi SNARE that participates in ER-Golgi transport. PMID: 8638159

IBV-M Protein (infectious bronchitis virus M protein)

• the cis-Golgi network marker. PMID: 9396747

Mannosidase II

• an integral Golgi membrane protein involved in asparagine-linked oligosaccharide processing, has been examined in rat liver Golgi membranes. PMID: 3733740
• light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical studies on rat liver reveal that essentially all mannosidase II in hepatocytes is localized in the Golgi apparatus, the only other site with reaction product being the endoplasmic reticulum. PMID: 6576342

Membrin

• cis/medial Golgi marker. PMID: 11292827
• a marker for the cis-medial Golgi complex. PMID: 15117881
• a protein implicated earlier in ER-to-Golgi transport. PMID: 9349823

NADP phosphatase

• a specific marker to help identify intercalary cisternae of the mammalian Golgi apparatus and to monitor electrophoretic separations. PMID: 3004595

NADPH cytochrome c (cyt c) reductase

• indigenous components of Golgi membranes. PMID: 214450

P58

• the marker of pre-Golgi intermediate compartment (IC) in normal rat kidney cells. PMID: 11017878
• a lectin-like protein of the intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi. PMID: 10095773
• a putative marker for peripheral punctate pre-Golgi intermediates and the cis-Golgi network. PMID: 1447290

PfGRASP

• a 70 kDa putative Golgi matrix protein throughout the asexual life cycle of the parasite, and novel Golgi marker. PMID: 16306223

Rab6

• a marker for the novel Golgi of Plasmodium. PMID: 10391383, PMID: 9719520

Rbet1 homologous to yeast Bet1p

• is primarily associated with the pre-Golgi intermediate compartment and is involved in vesicular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 9382863

SPTRX-3 (spermatocyte/spermatid-specific thioredoxin-3)

• the first thioredoxin specific to the Golgi apparatus, and predominately located in the Golgi apparatus of pachytene spermatocytes and round and elongated spermatids, with a transient localization in the developing acrosome of round spermatids. PMID: 15181017

Sphingomyelin Synthase

• a biosynthetic activity concentrated in the Golgi of mammalian cells. PMID: 8106545

Syntaxin-6

• Immunoelectron microscopy shows syntaxin 6 primarily on the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where is partially colocalizes with the TGN adapter protein AP-1 on clathrin-coated membranes. Additional label is present on small vesicles in the vicinity of endosome-like structures. PMID: 9243506

TGN38

• a 38 kDa trans-Golgi network-specific protein. PMID: 8000569
• an integral membrane protein which has been shown to be predominantly localized to the trans Golgi network. PMID: 8010955

Thiamine Pyrophosphatase (TPPase)

• a dynamic Golgi marker. PMID: 2559814
• The thiamine pyrophosphatase histochemical technique is believed to be a suitable approach to the selective staining of the Golgi vesicles of all animal cells, icluding the neuron. However, during the past decade a considerable number of data have been published, suggesting that the TPPase is in general a membrane-associated enzyme in the brain, which can be found in subcellular fractions other than Golgi lamellae. It has therefore become necessary to reconsider the view that thiamine pyrophosphatase is an exclusive marker enzyme of the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 508233

VPS45

• a member of the sec1 family implicated in Golgi to prevacuolar compartment trafficking in yeast. We show that mammalian VPS45 is found in multiple tissues, is partially membrane associated, and is enriched in the Golgi region. PMID: 9243506

Xylosyltransferase

• marker of subcompartmentation of terminal glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus of sycamore cells, showing a diffuse distribution all over the Golgi stacks and xylosylation appears to be an early processing event that is initiated in the cis Golgi compartment. PMID: 1765151

Other Golgi Markers

• Transport of sugar nucleotides into rat liver Golgi. A new Golgi marker activity. PMID: 7050120
• Techniques for converting Golgi precipitate in CNS neurons into stable electron microscopic markers. PMID: 1295613
• lectin conjugates can be employed as relatively proximal or distal Golgi markers under conditions of excellent ultrastructural preservation. PMID: 6194163