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Granulocyte Markers
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Granulocyte Markers
admin
March 7, 2024
7:49 pm

Granulocytes are a category of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. They are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or PML) because of the varying shapes of the nucleus, which is usually lobed into three segments. In common parlance, the term polymorphonuclear leukocyte often refers specifically to neutrophil granulocytes, the most abundant of the granulocytes. Granulocytes or PMN are released from the bone marrow by the regulatory complement proteins.

There are three types of granulocytes, distinguished by their appearance under Wright's stain: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

1C3

3C4

6D10 and 2B2

  • expression is restricted to porcine granulocytes. 6D10 is only detected in neutrophils and its expression decreases from promyelocytes to mature cells. By contrast, 2B2 antigen is selectively expressed in mature neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. Therefore, these new markers are useful tools to easily characterize the different granulocytes lineages (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils). PMID: 16919332

8C5

Alkaline Phosphatase

  • a marker of cell maturity in neutrophilic granulocytes. PMID: 4052084

Calprotectin

CD11b/CD18

CD15

CD16

  • a immature granulocyte (IG) marker. PMID: 12392303
  • anulocyte Fc gamma receptors are important components in the recognition of IgG-coated cells and immune complexes. Two proteins have been identified on resting human granulocytes which function as Fc gamma receptors, Fc gamma RII (CD32) and Fc gamma RIII (CD16). A third protein, Fc gamma RI (CD64), is not constitutively expressed on resting granulocytes, but can be induced by activation with gamma-interferon. PMID: 1532472

CD24

  • expressed on the neutrophilic granulocytes at the stage of myelocytes, and hence it could potentially be used to study normal and abnormal maturation of granulocytes. PMID: 12447971

CD32

  • anulocyte Fc gamma receptors are important components in the recognition of IgG-coated cells and immune complexes. Two proteins have been identified on resting human granulocytes which function as Fc gamma receptors, Fc gamma RII (CD32) and Fc gamma RIII (CD16). A third protein, Fc gamma RI (CD64), is not constitutively expressed on resting granulocytes, but can be induced by activation with gamma-interferon. PMID: 1532472

CD34

  • immature granulocyte marker.

CD45

CD66b

  • a member of the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family encoded by the CGM6 gene that is exclusively expressed in neutrophils and eosinophils, is a granulocyte-specific marker. PMID: 9427723

CEACAM8 (Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8)

  • also known as CD66b, NCA-95 and CD67, is a highly glycosylated protein expressed only in neutrophils and eosinophils in humans, could serve as a biological marker for granulocyte activities in vivo. PMID: 15541289

DH59B

  • a pan-granulocyte/monocyte surface molecule, reacted with a 96 kDa pan-granulocyte/monocyte specific surface protein and identified macrophages and Kupffer cells in equine tissue sections. PMID: 7750989

EMR3

  • a member of the epidermal growth factor-seven-transmembrane (EGF-TM7) family of adhesion class TM7 receptors, is a marker for mature granulocytes. PMID: 17108056

Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP)

  • indirect marker of activation and attraction of granulocytes. PMID: 10596701

Granulocyte factor (GF)

  • a substance secreted selectively from the specific granules of granulocytes in the first minutes of adherence or phagocytosis. PMID: 7921330

GMP

Gr-1 (Ly-6G)

Granulocyte Elastase

  • Human granulocyte elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) is released from granulocytes in large amounts in chronic inflammatory joint diseases and is therefore of special pathogenic and diagnostic importance. PMID: 2431451

HIS48

Interleukin-8 (IL-8)

  • Indirect marker of activation and attraction of granulocytes. PMID: 10596701

LAP (Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase)

  • represents a specific and restrictive marker for the terminal maturation of the neutrophilic granulocyte. PMID: 9031080

LRG

  • a novel marker for early neutrophilic granulocyte differentiation. PMID: 12223515

Ly-6G

  • In the bone marrow, Ly-6G expression was primarily restricted to the cells with more forward angle light scatter, which are mostly granulocytes. PMID: 8360469

Mac-1

  • the granulocyte adhesion receptor. PMID: 1372668
  • Mac-1 and p150,95 regulate or directly mediate the increase in granulocyte and monocyte adhesivity, which is essential for diapedesis, chemotaxis and migration into inflammatory sites. PMID: 3525036

Myeloperoxidase (MPO)

  • indirect marker of activation and attraction of granulocytes. PMID: 10596701

NKH1

  • unusually intense binding of the natural-killer (NK) cell marker NKH1 to endometrial granulocytes, which contrasts with their lack of reactivity with other NK-cell markers. PMID: 3315980

Poly(ADP-ribose)

  • serves as a marker of differentiation of granulocytes. PMID: 6997880

VEP8 and VEP9

  • Marker of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes. PMID: 6189722

Other Granulocyte Markers

  • Methylation of histones in myeloid leukemias as a potential marker of granulocyte abnormalities. PMID: 15507473
  • Dehydroascorbate uptake as an in vitro biochemical marker of granulocyte differentiation. PMID: 6576854
  • Granulocyte and monocyte surface membrane markers in the myelodysplastic syndromes. PMID: 2579104
  • Granulocyte markers in histopathology: a review. PMID: 3540243
Category : Antibody Review Cell Markers Review
Tags : granulocytes markers

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